Frequency of blaPER-1 Extended-spectrum ?-Lactamase Gene among Different Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi Isolated from Human and Chicken Meat Samples

Species of Salmonella are able to form biofilms on biotic and abiotic surfaces. This study was aimed to survey the presence of blaPER-1 gene in clinical and food origin Salmonella enterica serovar typhi (S. typhi) isolates and it is relation to biofilm formation. Through a period prolonged from June to September, 2016, (10) clinical S. typhi isolates were isolated from blood specimens collected from hospitalized typhoid fever patients at a hospital in Baghdad while (10) S. typhi isolates were isolated from chicken samples. The isolates ability to form biofilm was assayed using the tissue culture plate and Congo-red agar methods, and the results revealed that 18 strains were biofilm producers. Susceptibility of all clinical and food origin S. typhi isolates (20) toward different antibiotics were tested and results showed a high level of resistance by both clinical and food origin isolates. All the strains were tested for phenotypic ESBL production and it was found that 16 isolates (80 %) were ESBL producers. PCR technique was performed to detect the presence of blaPER-1 gene among both clinical and food origin strains and our findings was that eleven (52 %) were contained blaPER-1 gene.