A Study of Morphological Types of Anemia

Anaemia is most often a sign of an acquired or genetic abnormality. It is one of the commonest manifestations of the underlying medical condition. Anaemia is functionally defined as an insufficient RBC mass to adequately deliver oxygen to peripheral tissues. Hb concentration estimation is the ideal and convenient way of detecting Anaemia. Other measurements which are also helpful are haematocrit and the RBC count. It is not enough to just report that patient has anaemia, but also morphological subtyping of anaemiais required, so that the clinician can be properly guided in the proper management and followup of the patient and to suggest further. Anemia is a medical condition in which the hemoglobin (Hb) concentration and red blood cells (RBCs) count are lower than the normal range. The normal range of Hb and RBCs in general vary between males and females, it is defined as a Hb level of less than13.5 g/dl and less than12.0 g/dl in adult males and females respectively. The main causes of anemia are a decrease in RBCs, insufficient Hb synthesis or increased RBCs destruction, and the primary cause is an iron deficiency. Anemia is the most common health issue in the world, and it affects a large population in almost all countries. The most frequent etiologies of anemia are nutritional deficiencies, malaria, parasitic infections, blood loss, bone marrow replacement, or suppression and hemoglobinopathies. This study is done to understand the different morphological types of anemia, their incidences in the common society so as to help the clinicians to understand better this disease and treat them adequately.