Validity of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Antigens Cocktail (ESAT-6, CFP-10, MPT 64) Serum Test in Diagnosing Adult and Pediatric Tuberculosis

Background The diagnosis of tuberculosis relies on the isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) from sputum culture but in pediatric patient it is difficult to take the sputum. For individuals such as children who are unable to produce sputum, invasive procedures may become necessary when noninvasive methods do not permit a diagnosis. The aim of this study was to determine the validity of M. tuberculosis antigens cocktail ESAT-6, CFP-10 and MPT64 (TB Antigens Cocktail) from serum specimens in Adult TB with Ogawa culture as a gold standard, and from serum specimen of pediatric TB patients with TB Scoring system as a gold standard. Subject and method This is a cross sectional descriptive observational study. This study was held in Dr Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia. Subjects were divided into two groups adult TB and Pediatric TB. The sputum specimens from the first group were obtained Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) stain and M. tuberculosis culture (Ogawa). The TB Antigens Cocktail rapid Immunochromatography (ICT) was performed on all serum samples from both grups. Result A total of 68 Adult TB were enrolled in this study, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of TB Antigens Cocktail were 24.2 %, 85.7 %, 61.5 % and 54.5 %, respectively. From 61 children suspected with TB disease, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of TB Antigens Cocktail were 30.7 %, 86.3 %, 80.0 % and 41.3 %, respectively. Conclusions This study shown, Immunochromatography TB Antigens Cocktail (ESAT-6, CFP-10 and MPT64) from serum sample has good specificity for diagnosing tuberculosis.