Life Cycle Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste Treatment to Environment Options: Case of Abidjan (Cote Divoire)

Waste treatment poses not only a dangerous threat to human health and underground water but also a potential source of greennhouse gases (GHGs) with great environmental consequences. It is why, in this work, we evaluate life cycle assessment (LCA) of five waste management systems for theirs GWP (global warning potential), AP ( acidification potential) and dioxin emission potential (DEP). The five waste management strategies are landfilling (LFiG), landfilling with biogas flaring (LFGFA), landfilling with energy recovery (LFGTE), association of incineration and anaerobic digestion with energy recovery in both cases (INC/AD), and incineration with energy recovery (INC). The evaluation shows that INC/DA is the best waste management option concerning GWP with the value of 408.057 ktonCO2eq for the total mass of waste manages in one year. However, LFGTE system is the best waste management option concerning carcinogenic reduction potential measured by dioxin/furan emissions with the value of 0.0003475 kg for the total mass of waste manages in one year. Moreover, INC/AD is the best waste management system concerning AP with the value of 205709.994 kg SO2eq. From a view to preserving the environment, the optimum technical route of MSW in Abidjan would be AD of organic fractions, incineration of the combustible, followed by residue landfilling.