Theoretical Estimation of Algal Biomass Potential and Lipid Productivity for Biofuel Production in Ethiopia

This study identifies three regions of Ethiopia in each continent for algal biomass cultivation considering both sunlight and local climatic conditions. The meteorological data, sunlight, and air temperature information for the identified potential site is combined to estimate annual biomass production, lipid production and carbon mitigation potential. The biomass and lipid productivity in the Ethiopian condition was found to be 93 g/m2/day and 115, 200 l/ha/year, respectively. Among the selected three sites Bahir Dar is best possible for microalgae biomass production (94 g/m2/day) and oil productivity (33 ml/m2/day), and has an optimum temperature for microalgae growth. The estimates obtained from the study confirm its realistic potential and will serve the biofuel industry to achieve this target and reduce the losses occurring in the large-scale open pond cultivation system. This study provides a baseline data for theoretical best possible estimates of open pond microalgae production systems in the Ethiopian context. This study will support policy makers in the energy sector to make well-versed decisions to promote a cost effective and environmentally friendly non-edible oil plantation for biofuel production. Finally, it will support the Ethiopian government in its Energy and Food Security policy to promote the use of indigenous and renewable sources for transportation fuels and income generation