Enhancement of Wheat Resistant to Diseases by Elicitors

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L) is the most important crops in the world and in Egypt. During the last 10 years there has been an increase in the intensity of cereals in the cropping rotation, and an increase in the adoption of stubble retention farming practices. The aim of this study is to investigate the effective use of different elicitors to improve the resistant of wheat to some foliar diseases as leaf blotches, powdery mildew and leaf rust. In bioassay test and artificial inoculation in greenhouse, different elicitors (Acremonium sp. , Streptomyces, Bacillus subtilis, B. megaterium, Pseudomonas putida, P. fluorescens, methyl jasmonate (MJ), chitosan (CHI), an antioxidant in the form of ascorbic acid and a polyamine (PA) in the form of putrescein) were used to improve the resistance of wheat to all diseases. Pseudomonas putida, Methyl jasmonate and Chitosan showed a significantly greater decrease the diseases incidence and increased of total phenols, peroxidase, chitinase and total soluble protein in wheat as well as plant growth and yield. The significant increase in grain yield of wheat was observed with the application of different soil and foliar products management practices.