Inflammatory Biomarkers (Il-18, Hs-Crp) and Serum Lipids: A Novel Approach to Screen Early Diabetic Nephropathy

Background and objectives Dyslipidemia and inflammation may promote renal disease via mechanisms of vascular endothelial cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The present study was undertaken to find out the association of inflammatory biomarkers (IL-18, hs-CRP) and lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus with or without diabetic nephropathy. Methodology The present one year cross sectional study was conducted in the SSIMS& Research center. Davangere. A total of 100 patients with type diabetes mellitus were selected for the study. Based on the simple random sampling where every third patient who fulfilled the selection criteria was included in the study. Results In the present study, males outnumbered (64 %) females (36 %) with male to female ratio of 1.77: 1. All the subjects had an abnormal hs-CRP (100 %) with a mean of 19.96 9.59 mg/L and IL-18 was elevated in 71 %. The mean IL-18 level was 260.89 69.79 pg/mL.60 % of the patients had urinary excretion of albumin ranging from traces to greater than5 mg/dL. It was observed that 44 % of the study population belonged to stage 1. The mean eGFR level was 89.31 40.56 mL/min. The lipid abnormalities and inflammatory biomarkers (IL-18, hs-CRP) were found to be significantly high in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Conclusion and interpretation Findings of this study indicate an association of diabetic dyslipidemia and chronic inflammation with the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.