Effect of Square Defect on 2.4GHz Microstrip Antenna

Better performance is always being a challenge for microwave engineers. To overcome some of the disadvantages of the Microstrip antennamany approaches have been made, to achieve the better performances and bandwidth, from the review of literature it is found that there is a tremendous developments in the fields of Defected Ground Structure (DGS), on printed Microstrip antennas is been made, with a particular geometry and shape which is etched out as a single defect or periodic configuration to create a feature of stopping wave propagation through the substrate over a frequency range. In this paper an approach to improve the performance and bandwidth of square Microstrip antenna of frequency 2.4GHz is made by embedding the patch antenna with a square ring defect in the ground plane. The simulation process has been done through Finite Element Machine (FEM) based software High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software. The properties of the antenna designed for 2.4GHz lead to antenna size miniaturization and better reflection coefficient with larger bandwidth and dual band operation. It is found that the antenna resonates at 1.6GHz with the band width of 1100MHz and the overall size reduction is found to be 48 % in comparison with the conventional square antenna, and also its found that the because of the defected structure etched out of the ground plane the copper usage is reduced to 30 %. Further its also observed that proposed antenna finds its most of application in the lower band like IEEE 802.11 and ISM Bands.