Genesis of the Development and Evaluation of the Sphere of Hospitality

The article studies the genesis of the development of the sphere of hospitality and factors that affect its attractiveness. Since the unique definition of the concept of "sphere of hospitality" (or "hospitality industry") does not exist, which would correspond to all aspects that it covers, the peculiarities of interpretations of this concept are highlighted by various scholars. The purpose of this article is to study the concept of the sphere of hospitality, its history, factors of formation and development, the issue of attractiveness of the territory, hospitality areas and indicators of its evaluation, in particular. The sphere of hospitality, like any other sphere of the economy, is designed to meet the needs of people, in this case - tourists. The element of the scientific novelty of the research is that the issue of attractiveness of the sphere of hospitality has not been a subject of study as a separate direction. In this case, the attractiveness of tourist regions in general, and not the spheres of hospitality, in particular, was considered. The article names and describes the factors of formation and development of the sphere of hospitality and periods of its evolution. The main factors of the formation and development of the sphere of hospitality are the following: historical, economic, cultural, scientific and technological progress, political and natural-resource. The publication deals with the issues of attractiveness of tourist regions and the research results in this area, which were conducted by various scholars. With regard to the indicators by which the tourist attractiveness of the territory can be evaluated, they do not provide accurate information about the level of attractiveness of a particular territory, but only reflect the factors of influence and the situation on the market. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the indicators that would most fully evaluate the opportunities and prospects of the sphere of hospitality in one region or another. Further research will be aimed at identifying a system of indicators that will allow an evaluation of the attractiveness of this sphere for a specific area.