Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis and Lines of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Cirulating in Kinshasa | Biomedgrid

Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a public health problem in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). However, knowledge of Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypes is very important for determining the different lines involved in resistance and allowing better control of the disease. Aim: Determine the frequency of drug-resistant strains and the different lines circulating in the City. Material and methods: The descriptive survey covers all the family contacts of MDR-TB TB patients for whom a positive sputum culture on LJ medium was obtained in the Mycobacteria Laboratory of the University of Kinshasa between 2011 and 2017. The demographic and Epidemiological data concerning patients were collected via a registry notebook. The strains were identified by standard tests and the antibiogram was performed to obtain a chemosensitivity profile. The strains were transferred to IMT Antwerp for the genotyping test (Spoligotyping). Results: Of 240 samples from household contacts of MDR-TB patients, 29 isolates were identified (12.1%). Twenty-three (79%) were strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and 6 (21%) M. africanum. Overall, 16 strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (55.2%) were resistant to at least one antituberculosis drug. Of the 16 drug-resistant strains, 15 (6.3%) were MDR-TB, of which 10 (4.2%) preXDR and 1 (0.4%) XDR-TB. No monoresistance to rifampicin and Isoniazid was detected. The spoligotyping profile obtained shows the presence of 4 main lines namely: AML (43.7%); West Africa (31.3%); Haarlem (12.5%) and Ugandal (12.5%). Conclusion: The results of our study show a very high primary resistance and the presence of multi and ultra-resistant strains in the community. The study also shows that there is considerable genotypic diversity among M. tuberculosis isolates in Kinshasa.