Antioxidant Supplementation and Duration of Antioxidant in Male Infertility – A Systemic Review

Infertility, a global health issue affecting 187 million couples, is primarily caused by oxidative stress, particularly in males. High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) impair sperm quality, leading to oxidation of DNA, proteins, and lipids. Multi-antioxidant supplementation is effective in improving male fertility parameters. Natural molecules like myo-inositol and d-chiro-inositol also improve sperm quality. This review explores these processes and their mechanisms. Antioxidant treatment may improve sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) values in idiopathic infertility cases, prolonging treatment duration may enhance success, but side effects, cost, patient compliance, and partner condition should be considered. Antioxidant supplementation (AS) positively impacts male fertility, with beneficial ingredients like carnitines, Vitamin E, and zinc. Environmental factors may also influence fertility, requiring further studies to determine optimal combinations