Source of polyunsaturated fatty acid and their effects on the human body

The problem of eating healthy food with high nutritional density as the basis of a complete diet has always been one of the most relevant in the world. After all, it's a scientifically proven fact that approximately 70% of human health and the normal functioning of all organs and systems depends on a balanced diet, in particular, we are also talking about the coordinated work of the immune system with the maintenance of the homeostasis of the entire body. The relevance of this literary study is determined by the high level of diseases (digestive organs, cardiovascular system) and disorders of the synthesis of proteins, enzymes and immunoglobulins caused by insufficient, excessive or irrational use of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Accordingly, the implementation of theoretical research, which can contribute to the prevention of the formation of this problem, is expedient. With the use of modern scientific publications, an analysis of widespread scientometric sources of information was performed in the work using the most current and most widespread global scientometric databases: Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, like leading foreign publishing houses: Cell, Medicine, Biochemical pharmacology, Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, Journal of Lipids, etc. The study object is the metabolic processes in the human body, like the work of the cellular and humoral links of the immune system for changes caused by the daily consumption of a sufficient amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The purpose of the conducted theoretical research is to improve the understanding of the significance of the daily intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids with food, delineation of the most rational for consumption of food products with a high percentage of them, like, most significantly, a description of their direct impact on the work of the immune system. Materials are the latest and publicly available works of world scientists in leading and specialized periodicals, regarding issues of immunological impact, sources and biotechnological aspects of obtaining polyunsaturated fatty acids using producer microorganisms. The work presents data on medical and biological studies of the norms recommended by nutritionists for the use of essential fatty acids (4...6% of the energy ration), needs according to gender (80...150 g/day for men and 65...100 g/day for women), as well as the effectiveness of additional intake of n-3 acids in various diseases, diet therapy, corrections of lipid metabolism disorders, etc. By using information sources from world scientometric databases, the article presents a theoretical analysis of the influence of daily consumption of the amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids recommended by nutritionists, like the ratio of n-6 : n-3 families on the processes of oxidative stress, anabolism and catabolism, metabolic flexibility and strength of muscle fibers in athletes.