Comparative Assessment of ADA, IDRS and FINDRISC as a Screening Tool for Diabetes Mellitus in Adults Attending Rural Health Training Centre OPD Affiliated with IGGMC, Nagpur

Introduction: Diabetes risk-screening tools are validated and implemented across various countries. There is a need for improvement in these risk scores with suitable modifications so as to make them more sensitive, specific, and suitable to the local population. The aim of this study was to assess and compare the diagnostic accuracy of the Indian diabetes risk score (IDRS), the American diabetic association (ADA) risk score, and the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) and to correlate these risk scores with the blood glucose levels in the study population. Methods: A total of 125 subjects attending the outpatient department of rural health training centre affiliated with Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur were included in the study. Data collection was done by interview method. Details obtained using the questionnaire was assessed as per the three diabetic risk scores. Random blood sugar was estimated in the study subjects. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20.Descriptive data was analysed using mean and standard deviation. Chi square test/ Fischer exact test was applied to study association between qualitative variables. Pearson correlation was used to compare continuous variables, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy were calculated for each risk tool. Results : According to ADA 25(20.00%) study participants were found to have high risk while according to IDRS and FINDRISC 44(35.20%) and 2(1.60%) study participants were found to behaving high risk of developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. As far as ROC curve is concerned the IDRS score had the highest AUC among the three risk tools (AUC=0.612) with a cut off score of 55(moderate risk zone) which gave sensitivity of 51.9% and specificity of 69.4%. Conclusion: This study showed that IDRS was a better risk score for assessing the diabetes in the current study population. It also highlights the importance of screening program for early identification of diabetes in undiagnosed individuals attending OPD on a routine basis.