Determination of Antibiotic Potency of N Hexane, Ethanolic and Methanolic Leaf Extracts of Cymbopogon Citratus on Some Selected Hospital Bacteria

Medicinal plants have served as valuable starting materials for drug development in both developing and developed countries. This study investigated the antimicrobial activity and potency of Cymbopogon citratus using ethanol, methanol and N Hexane as extraction solvents. The standard organisms for the research study were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, were obtained from stock cultures in the Departmental Microbiology Laboratory of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. The phytochemical screening qualitative revealed the presence of Saponins, Tannin, alkaloids, phenolics, glycosides and absence of Steroids, while the results of GC FID analysis quantitative revealed high concentration of spartein 22.9010 µg ml and Cyanogenic glycoside 22.4972ppm for N Hexane extract, flavanzol 21.1844ppm , ribalinidine 42.0783µg ml , cyanogenic glycoside 22.8784ppm , phytate 25.6937µg ml , epihedrine 18.0922 µg ml , naringin 18.1835 µg ml for ethanolic extract, naringin 17.9012µg ml , flavanzol 21.1923ppm , ribalinidine 25.1726µg ml , cyanogenic glycoside 16.9569ppm , flavonones 16.3116ppm , Steroids 17.2251ppm , phytate 19.2509µg ml , epihedrine 13.1275 µg ml for methanolic extract. Agar Well diffusion technique was used for the antimicrobial activity studies which revealed 9.0mm Staphylococcus aureus at 250 mg ml and 16.4mm Escherichia coli at 250 mg ml concentration as the highest zone of inhibition for ethanolic extract with E. coli and Cryptococcus neoformans exhibiting the highest and the lowest zone of inhibition respectively at 200 mg ml of ethanolic extract. The results showed that ethanolic extract exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity with MIC value of 50 mg ml on all the test organisms. Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most susceptible organisms showing sensitivity with MBC value of 250 mg ml of the ethanolic extract and Cryptococcus neoformans for methanolic extract. Hence, the high level of antibacterial efficacy exhibited by Cymbopogon citratus reaffirms its prospective use in the management of infections and also as a potential source of antimicrobial agents. It can be concluded that despite the inhibitory effects of concentrations of ethanolic extracts of this plants on the growth of pathogenic bacteria especially Gram positive, to introduce it as an alternative to chemical antimicrobial drugs, further investigation is required. Chukwuelue, Angela Odinakachukwu | Eze, H. C | Ikegwuonu Afoma Euphemia | Okonkwo Ngozi Nonyelum "Determination of Antibiotic Potency of N-Hexane, Ethanolic and Methanolic Leaf Extracts of Cymbopogon Citratus on Some Selected Hospital Bacteria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-5 , October 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd97419.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/microbiology/97419/determination-of-antibiotic-potency-of-nhexane-ethanolic-and-methanolic-leaf-extracts-of-cymbopogon-citratus-on-some-selected-hospital-bacteria/chukwuelue-angela-odinakachukwu