THE USE OF THE HEAT ACCUMULATOR PHASE TRANSITION TO ENSURE A COLD START THE ENGINE AND WARM IT UP BY IMPROVING CARBURETION

Emission of toxic substances from exhaust gas of automobiles is one of the characteristics of their environmental safety, depends on various factors, among which one of the important roles played by the temperature supplied to the internal combustion engine air. A number of studies showing that the emission of toxic substances in exhaust gases into the engine warm-up mode increases 6 ? 10 times. Despite the fact that the problem of starting and warming up the internal combustion engine at low temperatures has been well studied, but, nevertheless, the technical means to facilitate starting the internal combustion engine have significant drawbacks. The disadvantages of these devices are primarily structural complexity, considerable power consumption and low reliability, as a result, relatively low efficiency. The analysis of existing devices, leads to the conclusion that the most promising avenue to address issues related to the provision of a reliable start-up and rapid heating of the engine is the use of thermal storage phase transition, utilizing waste energy combustion engine (exhaust heat and coolant) through the use of latent heat. In order to reduce the time of preparation of heat engine with spark ignition to take the load and ensuring optimal working temperature of the catalytic converter, it is proposed to use of thermal storage phase transition for heating air entering the engine during its warmup. The proposed device does not require significant changes in the design of the power plant, and will enhance its effectiveness in warm-up mode. To perform tasks to ensure the cold start of the engine and warm it up at low ambient temperatures due to the improvement of mixture formation, which favorably affects the course of the workflow, the authors proposed a system of recycling and storage of the thermal energy of the exhaust gases using a heat accumulator phase transition. Heat accumulator phase transition provides the increase and stabilization of temperature of air that enters the cylinders of the internal combustion engine in the operating modes start-up and warm it up. The thermal battery of the phase transition, which was designed, manufactured and tested at the Department ?heat Engines? of National Transport University, with the participation of employees of the Institute of gas of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, in which the heat accumulating material used octahydrate of barium hydroxide. The results quite convincingly demonstrate the possibility of using the heat accumulator phase transition to improve the mixture formation during cold start of the spark-ignition engine and warm it up.