Uropathogens and the Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Purpose: To determine the frequency of different Uropathogens and their susceptibility pattern in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Method: All urine specimens of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus received in Microbiology section of Clinical and Research Laboratory of Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology during January to December 2012 were included in the study. Samples were cultured by standard methods by 1 μL loop on Cled medium with Andrade indicator and blood agar plates. Samples with more than 105 CFU/mL bacteria were considered as positive. Identification and susceptibility testing was determined by using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results: Out of 67 urine specimens 33 (49.25%) were positive culture. The magnitude of positivity was differed significantly between females and males (20 male and 47 female). Uropathogens was more frequent in females 88% as compare to male 12% in patients with diabetes. Escherichia coli was the most frequent pathogen 72%, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae 14%, Acinetobacter baumannii 6.9% and Proteus vulgaris 3.90%. Majority of gram negative uropathogens were highly resistant against Cefuroxime, nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, sulphamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin and cefotaxime. 90.48% of E. coli strains showed the high resistance towards cefuroxime, nalidixic acid and sulphamethoxazole and 85.71% towards norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: The most frequent isolate was Escherichia coli while Acinetobacter baumannii was less frequent but highly resistant. Imipenem, piperacillin/tazobactam, sulbactam / cefoperazone and ertapenem were most susceptible drugs against uropathogens in patients with diabetes.