MOST SIGNIFICANT MODERN MONUMENTS IN RUSSIA AND THEIR CONDITION. PHENOMENON OF THE RUSSIAN AVANT- GARDE (MOSCOW ARCHITECTURAL SCHOOL OF 1920S). MAIN PROBLEMS OF CONSERVATION

The most interesting and significant contribution of Russia to the development of the world's architecture is the Russian architecture of the 20–30th years of the XX century. With all its disadvantages the Russian revolution opened the widest possibilities for the creation of the brand new works of art and, of course, for the actually revolutionary solutions in the field of architecture. The new ideology demanded the creation of the new public and living spaces. Along with the Russian architects, such as Konstantin Melnikov, Ivan Nikolaev, Vladimir Tatlin, Vesnin brothers and others, the outstanding foreign architects, including Le Corbusier, worked in Russia. Among the entire variety of authors and their projects a special attention, of course, deserves Konstantin Melnikov with his Rusakov (see Figure 1) and Burevestnik clubs, Bakhmetevsky lorry garage (Moscow, Obraztsova street, Konstantin Melnikov — Vladimir Shukhov, 1926), passenger bus garage (Moscow, Novoryazanskaya street, Konstantin Melnikov — Vladimir Shukhov, 1926–1929) and, of course, his famous house-studio of the cylindrical form.