CHANGE IN CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM AT PATHOLOGIES ASSOCIATED WITH DISTURBED PROCESSES OF CELL PROLIFERATION

Malignant neoplasms and psoriasis are pathologies due to impaired cell proliferation. There is information about the relationship between the processes of carcinogenesis and disorders of carbohydrate homeostasis of the body. The purpose of the study was to analyze the features of carbohydrate metabolism in pathologies caused by activation of cell proliferation. Blood plasma was studied in 87 patients with malignant formations of epithelial tissues that had not previously undergone antitumor treatment: 28 women and 59 men with kidney, ovarian, bladder, prostate, intestine, larynx, uterus, pancreatic cancer and gall bladder cancer. Blood plasma of 15 patients with psoriasis aged from 36 to 53 years was also studied. The control group consisted of 53 practically healthy persons. The results of the study of parameters of carbohydrate metabolism of blood plasma are presented in the article: the level of glucose, glycated hemoglobin, C-peptide and reactive insulin. Biochemical parameters were determined photometrically and by immuno chemiluminescence. A significant increase in glucose concentration was detected at all stages of the oncological process, an increase in glycated hemoglobin at the 1st stage. The level of Cpeptide and insulin increased only in stages II and III of malignant neoplasms. Blood glucose was also measured in psoriasis, but no significant excess was found in comparison with practically healthy people. The data obtained demonstrate the relationship between carcinogenesis and carbohydrate metabolism. The hyperglycaemia detected in cancer is not initially caused by insulin resistance or a violation of the synthesis and secretion of insulin and is of a secondary nature. One of the possible reasons for the increase in glucose in the blood is the activation of the enzyme of glycogen synthase kinase 3β. The kinase of glycogen synthase 3β plays the role in the metabolism of glycogen and regulates a number of signaling pathways, including insulin and Wnt/β-catenin pathways, and also participates in evasion from apoptosis of malignant cells.