THE ANALYSIS OF THE PROBLEM OF CHILDREN’S HOMELESSNESS AND NEGLECT AND FEATURES OF THEIR REHABILITATION

The article analyzes the concept of "homelessness" and "neglect" in the contemporary scientific literature, and the interpretation of these concepts by Ukrainian legislation. The vast majority of modern researchers consider the juvenile's homelessness as a narrower concept (lack of residence and education, lack of parents or break with the family or persons substituting parents) and children's neglect as a greater one (no educative impact of parents and school on the child, spending most of the time outdoors, negative, asocial influence of parents on the child, so that they go out in the street). It traces the main reasons of children of all ages to go out in the streets and the consequences of homelessness and neglect. The article considers the main purposes of the problem overcoming and returning the children to the family environment. The attention stresses on the problem of rehabilitation of neglected, homeless children. Most often the desire to run away from home appears between the ages of 10-13 years. One of the reasons of children's runaway from home at this age is a desire to move away from asocial family to show everyone they are not like their parents. However, there are situations where children from outwardly secured families run away from home. The reasons can be different: conflicts at school, conflicts with classmates or teachers, problems in adaptation to the school environment and lack of support from the parents. Parents are required the ability tactfully to take the child's side, without underestimating the school authority. The tension that juvenile gets, as a result of unresolved conflicts, not received support, urges him to escape. Neglected communication of "the same fate" children despite all inconveniences (hunger, cold, lack of conditions for personal hygiene, infections, fear of other teenagers) has a great power for each of them, and this power gives a sense of relief after avoiding psychological stress, which occurred at school or in the family. The main lines of rehabilitation of neglected and homeless children and juveniles in social and rehabilitation center are the following: prevention of neglect, help for eliminating the difficult situations in the child's family; providing temporary accommodation on full state supply for juveniles till determination and implementation of the optimal forms of life together with the guardianship authorities; providing accessible and timely qualified social, legal, psychological, medical and pedagogic help for children who have different forms of exclusion, based on individual programs for social rehabilitation, including vocational and employment, educational and cognitive, sociocultural, sport and recreation and other components.