DIAGNOSTICS OF MENTAL PATIENTS AND INTERNAL PICTURE OF THE DISEASE

In the article some questions of diagnostics of mental patients, taking into account the internal picture of the disease, are reviewed. The internal picture of the disease is a mental construct which develops from childhood on the basis of the inner picture of the world. The internal picture of the disease is not a premorbid background, but must be taken into account during the diagnosis of mental illness. Operational criteria and the operational approach alone do not free patients from the previous fear of overcoming. Social criteria are also factors contributing to the adaptation of patients. The problematics of consideration includes the operational model of psychiatry, which refers to the difficulties in the mental functioning of patients, erasing the boundaries of the concept of the illness. One such model is the model of a nuclear gestalt of schizophrenia. To the internal picture of the disease also belong behavioral factors. For consideration of some individual in the health care system, it is necessary to use the available empirical material within the framework of classical (in medical sociology - theoretical) constructions, based on treating the disease as a continuous decision-making process. If the type of personality helps to understand what a disease is for a particular patient -- taking into account the diversity of personal psychotypes as applied to psychosomatics. With the development of medical sociology, this is associated with the emergence of the concept "role of the patient" introduced by T. Parsons. That is why, conflicts with society are mainly resolved with "the role of the patient." Every patient has his own rights and responsibilities. Socio-psychological mechanisms of influence are interrelated with such internal radicals as interaction, communication, social cognition. Genetically predisposed stereotypes are closely related to physical determinants. Intrapersonal and interpersonal levels of intervention are to be considered. It seems that the genetic prevailing of accentuations makes it difficult to implement effectively operational standards.