METHODS OF MUSCULAR ACTIVITY EVALUATION

According to the latest studies, the level of motor activity in young people has declined significantly in recent years. The young generation is characterized by hypokinesia. In most cases, it is a professional hypokinesia – as a consequence of limiting the volume of movements because of production necessity; school, in case of incorrect organization of educational process, overload of studying and ignoring physical education; household – due to addiction to sedentary lifestyle and the least – clinical – with diseases that require a long bed rest. Regardless of the causes of reduced motor activity, hypokinesia causes a complex of changes in the functional state of the body, which is commonly referred to as hypodynamia – a violation of the body's func-tions in the limitation of motor activity. Numerous clinical and experimental studies have found out that in hypodynamia the volume of muscle mass is reduced (atrophy of the muscles, including the heart muscle which is already reduced in 17-35 year olds, the mass and density of bones decreases, too, the allocation of mineral substances in the blood goes up, the elasticity of the tendons and connective tissue as well as muscle mass and strength decrease, the volume of movement in joints goes down, the coordination of movements worsens, and as a consequence, the risk of injury rises. All types of metabolism in the body, including fat, which contributes to excessive weight and obesity, are renewed; also, the level of cholesterol and lipoproteins in the blood increases, and therefore, atherosclerosis develops more rapidly, the functions of the cardiovascular, respiratory, immune systems of the body have been violated. In this regard, the question arises on the so-called habitual motor activity, that is, the activity performed in the process of everyday professional work and in everyday life. Adequate physical rehabilitation, aimed at the restoration of lost functions, can significantly stop the pathological processes associated with the effects of hypokinesia increase the aerobic capacity and the level of endurance – indicators of the biological age of the organism and its viability. However, in order to select the means of rehabilitation adequately, it is necessary to assess the functional state of the organism, including the functioning of the musculoskeletal system. Functional Movement Screen (FMS) is an innovative system that is used to assess the quality of exercise performing and stabilizing movements. The advantage of the FMS as a rehabilitation examination method is that its exercises, although not complicated to perform, demonstrate all motor disabilities. Movement ability is an ability to control the musculoskeletal system through the development of motor skills. Increase in motor ability depends on acquired skills and athletic results; the reduction of it characterizes the disease or the low state of physical development. Therefore, this test is widely used in rehabilitation and health institutions in Europe and America. Another positive feature of this test is the ability to choose exercises for correction of detected motor disorders from many modern health systems - functional training, yoga, aerobics, pilates, etc. Exercises that are used in the testing of the FMS, create an extreme situation for a person, in which the weakness and imbalance become apparent if the balance and mobility are not maintained. The FMS includes seven main motor models that require normal movement of joints, dynamic and static balance, muscle strength of the limbs and trunk.