Role of Acute Phase Proteins in Pathogenicity of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

The role of cytokine mediated acute phase response is observed to be closely involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes but in case of type 1 diabetes mellitus this role is contradictory. Since in world adolescent population, frequency of developing type 1 diabetes is not negligible, we tested this hypothesis by estimating circulating acute phase proteins in type 1 (T-1) patients. The acute phase proteins named α1- antitrypsin, α1- acid glycoprotein; ceruloplasmin and fibrinogen were estimated in the plasma in newly diagnosed 12 T-1. Thirty normal controls to match the age and sex of the test groups were also studied. The levels of these proteins were correlated with their BMI and random plasma glucose values.T-1 cases showed significantly higher levels of the acute phase proteins (except α1- acid glycoprotein) in comparison to control group. From these findings we can predict a hypothesis that low grade inflammatory process is definitely implicated in the pathogenesis of type1 diabetic patient though results were contradictory in previous studies. This line of pathological basis should be further explored for diagnosis, management and follow up.