THE ANALYSIS OF RESEARCHES OF THE PROBLEM OF READINESS TO THE PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES

Introduction. Comprehensive industrial, educational, cultural, economic development places qualitatively new demands on the professional training of future employees in any business and is impossible without their readiness for appropriate professional activities. The problem of increasing the effectiveness of vocational training has always attracted the attention of researches, but a number of aspects remains insufficiently studied. This is evidenced, in particular, by the absence of a unified systemic interpretation of the content of preparation for professional activity in specific conditions, under the influence of factors of extreme situations, which obviously requires special attention, since it is aimed at preserving and saving the life and health of the population. Purpose. To consider the essence and structure of the readiness of future specialists for professional activity, to analyze psychological and pedagogical research in this direction, on the basis of it to do conclusions about of this concept's definition. Results. The article presents the results of the analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature on the issue of formation of readiness for the professional activity of future specialists, the essence of the concepts of «readiness», «readiness for professional activity» is considered, the main scientific directions and levels of study of the problem of readiness for professional activity are analyzed, structural components of readiness are determined. Conclusion. We consider it is necessary to determine the main structural components of the readiness of future specialists for professional activity; the level of development of these components in according with the authors presented in the article, is an indicator of the professional readiness of a specialist to work: the motivational component (positive attitude to the profession, stable interest in it); the intellectual and cognitive component; the volitional component (self-control, ability to preserve self-control while fulfilling the professional duties); the appraisal component (self-determination in the professional preparedness and the correspondence to its optimum professional examples); the personal component (a set of important personal qualities for the performance of professional activities); the orientation component (the idea about the features and conditions of the professional activity, about its requirements to the person); the operational component (the possession of methods of the professional activity, the necessary knowledge, skills, the knowledge of methods of the activity, the necessary key competencies); the cognitive component (a set of the necessary knowledge for productive the professional activity);the creative component.