DASEINSANALYSIS: PROPAEDEITICS TO THE DISCOURSE

This article is propaedeutic and has as its main objective the introduction of psychotherapeutic daseinsanalytical discourse to the russian-speaking space. Despite the fact that this approach has already been introduced in a number of translations and articles, however the lack of a common field of discussion and the presence of discrepancies and distortions in the terms require а special propaedeutic work. The article briefly presents the history of daseinsanalysis represented by Ludwig Binswanger and Medard Boss. The psychoanalytic origins of daseinsanalysis is emphasized in a special way. This is due to the fact that daseinsanalysis formed within a common analytical discourse, but with a considerable output beyond it through an appeal to the Heidegger's ontology and its daseinsanalytics. Such a marginal daseinsanalysis' position determines the specificity of the analytical process, the development of major therapeutic issues and psychopathological issues as well as the specific reflection of analytical praxis. The article also considers the phenomenological method from the standpoint of how it can be implemented in analytical and therapeutic practice. This issue is discussed on an example of the situation taken from the movie The Secret Life of Antoine Watteau (Ce que mes yeux ont vu) in which the professor teaches the student to “see” the painting of the artist and what it depicts. This process is very similar to the Socratic maieutic procedure and it helps to disclose the specific attitude in a phenomenological study, which Heidegger calls Gelassenheit. To understand this attitude we also appeal to the fragment of Being and Time and the analysis of the specific construction of the medial verb passive voice in conjunction with semantic verb “see” (ἀποφαίνεσθαι), which helps to understand the true practical meaning of the phenomenological attitude.