PSYCHOLOGICAL REHABILITATION OF PERSONS WITH AMPUTATIONS OF LIMBS: A THEORETICAL REVIEW

Currently, due to the increase in the number of amputations of limbs, the problem of rehabilitation and adaptation of patients is quite acute. According to modern statistics, the number of persons who underwent amputation of limbs is 10% of the total number of patients with musculoskeletal system. The main core of individual rehabilitation programs is the focus on the physical condition of the disabled person and the problems associated with it, in particular the ability to move independently, the ability to self-activity. Social and psychological aspects of rehabilitation activities are moved to the last plan. At the same time, it should be noted that the success of rehabilitation is determined by a large number of factors, both medical nature (the cause and level of amputation, locomotor and biomechanical disorders, degenerative processes developing in the musculoskeletal system of the stump, the appearance of phantom pain, etc.) and psychological. The transformation of self-consciousness, personal changes, depressive experiences, deterioration of satisfaction with the quality of life in General, and often the loss of the meaning of life for people who now can not lead their usual way of life, make the study of this aspect relevant and practical. The purpose of the review was to study and summarize the different directions and approaches used in the framework of psychological rehabilitation of patients. The specificity of changes in the structure of the human personality, affecting the effectiveness of rehabilitation, as well as the features of rehabilitation measures depending on the stage of treatment and causes of amputation. Special attention is paid to the correction of phantom pains and psychogenic reactions.