INTERMEDIATE PLACENTAL VILLI, AFTER IN VITRO FERTILIZATION PROCEDURE

The aim of the study was to identify the morphological and morphometric features of terminal and intermediate placental villi after fertilization by In vitro fertilization (IVF). Materials and methods. Twenty placentas were studied, which were divided into 2 groups. The experimental group (EG) consisted of placentas after fertilization by the IVF method, the control group (CG) - placenta after fertilization in a natural way. Morphometric indicators, which characterize the features of the structure of the villous tree of both groups, were determined on the obtained micro preparations. Results of the study. It was found that, in compari-son with the control group, the average diameter and area of terminal villi were increased in the experimental group, and the diameter and area of their capillaries were decreased. Index of capillarization in the experimental group was lower (0.197 compared with 0.256 in KG), and the average number of capillaries in the villi of the same group exceeded the same value in the control group (4.1 ± 0.2 in the study group, versus 3.32 ± 0.22 in KG). In the morphometric study of the volume density of the terminal villi's components, the Vvi of syncytiotrophoblast in the terminal villi of the experimental group was higher; however, the Vvi of the capillaries and connective tissue, on the contrary, was less than in the control group. In addition, an increase in volume density of terminal villi with syncytiotrophoblast buds (Sb) was observed - 32.6% in the study group, versus 17.71% in the control group. The numerical density (Nai) of Kashchenko-Goughbauer cells in the study group was 37% larger (0.012 ± 0.0013 µm²in the IVF group vs 0.0076 ± 0.0016 µm² in the control group). There was no statistically significant difference in the numerical density of the Kashchenko-Goughbauer cells in the intermediate villi. When analyzing the relative volume of the main components of the placenta, the specific gravity of the inter-mediate villi in the group after IVF was greater than the same value in the KG, while the intervillous space, on the contrary, occupied a smaller volume. Conclusions: Terminal villi of the placenta after IVF, in comparison with the villi in the control group, have a significantly larger average diameter and area, an increased number of capillaries, with decreased average diameter, large numerical density of Kashchenko-Goughbauer cells, and increased volume density of syncytiotrophoblast, with reduced volume density of connective tissue. There were no significant morphological and mor-phometric differences in the intermediate placental villi after IVF, and the placentas of the control group was not found, however, the villous tree of placentas after IVF has a signifi-cantly visually more dense structure, due to an increase in the volume density of intermediate villi, and a decrease in part of the intervillous space. Thus, the foregoing indicates, that the structure of terminal and intermediate villi, as well as their location in the placentas after IVF has a number of features, similar to the structural changes that are characteristic for the manifestation of compensatory-adaptive mechanisms. Respectively, these changes can be considered as an adaptation system, which is aimed at ensuring the most close to physiological fetal devel-opment.