THE QUESTION OF APPLICATION OF TRANSCUTANEUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION OF VERTEBROGENIC PATIENT SYNDROME (LITERATURE REVIEW)

The article is devoted to the use of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in the treatment of patients with low-back pain. Pain in the lower back at least once in life experience up to 80% of the world's population. The most common pain is caused by a degenerative spine injury. The question of helping these patients is topical, because people of working age most often suffer. Recently, clinicians are increasingly paying attention to non-drug treatment methods, given their economy, safety, a small number of complications and effec-tiveness. Various kinds of kinesitherapy are developed, man-ual techniques are being improved, and the effectiveness of methods of physiotherapy is being investigated. The use of electric current in the treatment of sick people begins with the ancient Egyptians, and then Hippocra-tes described it in 420 BC. After that, electrotherapy was constantly evolving. There were new methods and techniques. Widespread in the world of medicine as an analgesic method in 1965 received transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) after the publication of the gate control theory and presumed mechanisms of action Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation it is a form of electrical stimulation with surface electrodes to modulate pain perception. There are four theories about the physiological ef-fects of TENS: 1. Gate control theory. 2. Opiate-mediated control theory. 3. Local vasodilatation of blood vessels in ischemic tissues. 4. Stimulation of acupuncture points causes a sen-sory analgesia effect. Since the 70s of the XX century, the field of appli-cation, foreign and domestic researchers are actively studying effectiveness and methods of the TENS. In the scientific works of recent years, various spheres of the TENS applica-tion are being actively investigated. In the conclusions of the overwhelming majority of the analyzed Cochrane reviews, meta-analyzes and data of various authors, it is noted that the therapeutic effectiveness of TENS and electropuncture, although it cannot be denied, cannot be considered proven. The main reason for this indis-tinct conclusion is the inadequate number of RCTs, as well as the problem of standardizing the methods of using the TENS on all indicators. To prove the effectiveness of TENS and electro-puncture, further multi-center studies using placebo control, with type standardization and exposure localization, electrical stimulation parameters, duration of procedures and treatment course are necessary. There is also insufficient data on the therapeutic parameters of TENS at various pain syn-dromes. Therefore, in our work, we consider it expedient to investigate the effectiveness of the therapeutic effect of TENS in the complex non-drug treatment of patients with dorsalgia; clarify the therapeutic parameters and techniques.