EVALUATION OF THE RECEPTORS ESTROGEN, PROGESTERONE AND HER-2/NEU EXPRESSION IN THE BREAST CANCER TISSUE UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF TRACE ELEMENTS ON THE BODY

The problem of breast cancer is being studied for a long time. Questions of reducing morbidity and mortality remain unresolved due to the lack of effective ways of primary prevention. As the etiological factors of breast cancer describe a huge number of reasons, including environmental factors. Some chemical substances in the environment show the estrogen-like activity in the study of biological systems. Unfortunately, relatively few researches were devoted to studying the influence of chemicals on the possibility of carcinogenesis, initiation and progression of breast cancer. We do not know how they affect the expression of important prognostic receptors. The purpose of the study was to examine the expression of receptors estrogen, progesterone and еpidermal growth factor in the tissue of malignant breast tumors under the of trace elements influence on the body. We determined the morbidity of breast cancer in Sumy region by the histological studies in women for the period from 2009 to 2013. The breast tumor tissue for the immunohistochemical study was divided into two groups. The group 1 (the breast cancer tissue of women who lived in environmentally contaminated region) included 26 cases; the group 2 (the breast cancer tissue of women who lived in the environmentally clean areas) ? 17 cases. Immunohistochemical reaction occurred in two stages using rabbit antibodies. Evaluation of the expression of ER and PR was performed by the method DCAllred. Evaluation of HER-2/neu expression was performed according to the recommendations of American Pathologists Consensus and the Office of the Food and Drug USA. The results of the study confirmed that the morbidity of breast cancer in environmentally contaminated regions almost twice higher than the environmentally clean areas of Sumy region. In addition, we found the increase in expression of epidermal growth factor and the reduction in expression of steroid hormones in environmentally contaminated region. Consequently, іt proved the negative effect of trace elements on the course of breast cancer.