DIAGNOSTICS OF DYSLEXIA AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN

The importance of reading in primary school and the basic competencies of this process are described in the article. According to the scientific works of M. N. Rusetsky, the proficiency level of the competence under study testifies to the presence or absence of violations in the process of reading. The description of the concept “dyslexia”, the causes of this violation, its characteristics and classification are presented in the article. Some examples of classifications types of causes and violation forms are given. The common and distinctive features of modern methods aimed at diagnosing dyslexia among younger pupils are revealed. The diagnosis method of dyslexia developed and presented in the work was formed on the basis of the existing method of reading and writing while examining junior schoolchildren (the authors Ball N. N. and Zakharchenya I. A.). This technique consists of 5 tasks, each aimed at determining the formation level of a particular characteristic within the reading process. Each task was scored in points. The total number of points received by a student for the performance of all tasks makes it possible to determine general proficiency in reading. So, the high level ranged from 35 to 38 points. The sufficient level – from 26 to 34 points. The medium level – from 14 to 25 points. The indicator which is lower than 14 points testifies to the low formation level, that is inability to read, the high risk of dyslexia and the need for correctivespeech therapy. This method was used in an experimental study to detect dyslexia among pupils of the third forms who study at Tulchin secondary school № 2 (Vinnitsa region). The obtained data are analysed and systematized, which makes it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed diagnostic technique.