STEADY COLLOCATIONS WITH THE COMPONENT PRAZDNIK (HOLIDAY, FESTIVAL) IN THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS IN EUROPEAN LANGUAGES

The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the steady collocations with the component prazdnik (holiday, festival) in the Russian language and their equivalents in European languages. The topic is relevant as there is a need for learning phraseological corpora of multisystem languages within the linguistic and cultural studies context. The goal of this paper is to compare the steady collocations with the component prazdnik (holiday, festival) in the Russian language and their equivalents in European languages. The methods used in the article are sampling, a comparative analysis and an inquiry of informants. The novelty of the research lies in exploring the similarities and differences in three foreign languages and one nationality language resting on the study material. The comparative analysis of the studied material allows us to establish the fact that in each of the studied languages the component prazdnik and its equivalents can function as a characterized object (coordinated attribute + prazdnik; prazdnik + uncoordinated attribute), the object of influence (verb + prazdnik – the direct object), and also the subject (prazdnik + predicative). One of the three main lexico-semantic variants of nominations of prazdnik realizes in each steady collocation: prazdnik as a date, an activity and joy (figuratively). In Russian and Spanish the majority of steady collocations are built on key lexemes prazdnik and fiesta, including all lexico-semantic variants mentioned above. In English, Serbian and Udmurt steady collocations there is variability of nominations of prazdnik. The examples of coincidence or similarity of steady collocations in the studied languages in structure and meaning, similarity of meaning in the difference of syntactic structure, as well as non-equivalence were revealed in the course of the conducted research.