THE BIOECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF THE COENOPOPULATIONS ALLIUM URSINUM L. (ALLIACEAE) IN THE PRYKARPATTIA

Onion bears (wild garlic, cherry) is a spring ephemeroid long-term herbaceous plant, the family of the Onion (Alliaceae). As a result of anthropogenic influence (trampling), spontaneous harvesting of medicinal raw materials and grazing of cattle, the population of the cherries is gradually reduced. The objects of research are 11 of the coenopopulations of A. ursinum L., which grow in different ecological conditions. The onion of a bear occurs from lowlands to highlands with different anthropogenic loading. The ecological range of Allium ursinum L. are analyzed in the article. The ecological amplitude was established on the Ellenberg and Landolt scales. A. ursinum is characterized by a low ecological optimum to climatic factors: illumination, temperature regime and continental climate. The onion of the bear is more demanding for edafic factors, because it is characterized by high ecooptimums on these factors. According to the edaphic index of tolerance A. ursinum belongs to a group of mesobionts; and on the climatic index of tolerance – to the eurybionts. The influence of high gradient and soil moisture on the density of individuals of Bear Onions on different conditions of growth in the Carpathian region has been studied. Density of individuals Bears onions in the study areas are different, this is due to conditions of growth, the size of localities. The density of the cenopopulations of the species is largely influenced by trampling, mass harvesting of medicinal raw materials, grazing on cattle, etc. To specify and generalize the ecological characteristics of A. ursinum and their populations, the potential ecological valency (PEV) and the Gypsy's Tolerance Index are done.