PREVALENCE AND TOPOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TOOTH HARD TISSUE DEFECTS OF PATIENTS LIVING IN THE PRE-CARPATHIAN REGION

Dental caries is one of the most common human diseases. According to various sources (WHC, FDI), the prevalence of caries is over 90% in adulthood. In assessing the prevalence of caries in Ukraine, researchers receive high and very high indicators of prevalence and intensity of dental caries (95-98% of adults). Hard tissues defects of the tooth crown are most often formed because of caries, non-carious lesions as hypoplasia, fluorosis, pathological abrasion, teeth injuries and birth defects of enamel and dentine formation in childhood. A large number of the latest techniques and technologies for diagnosis and treatment of defects in hard tissue of teeth have been introduced. However, de-spite this, the prevalence of major dental diseases among the adult population has tended to increase in recent years. Object. To analyze the prevalence and topo-graphic characteristics of various types of defects of hard dental tissues in patients living in the Precarpathian re-gion. Materials and methods. The research includes the analysis of the prevalence and topographic character-istics of various types of defects in hard dental tissues in patients living in the Precarpathian region. Clinical re-search was conducted based on the department of dentis-try, postgraduate education of Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University in 2014-2018. To establish the etiology, prevalence of dental hard tissues defects, complications that arise with such diseases 304 patients in total were studied. In the clinic, the survey consisted of a detailed collection of com-plaints, anamnestic data, external examination and an objective study of the tooth-maxillofacial area. To estab-lish the prevalence of dental hard tissues defects we have developed a special card. Results of research and discussion of the re-sults. First, we analyzed the teeth group's affiliation and found that the greatest number of defects were detected in the chewing group of teeth, at the same time there was no significant relationship between the upper and lower jaws. In molars 511 hard tissue defects were found, which is 39.95%, in premolars - 390 defects, accounting for 29.7%. Сanines are affected not so often, we found 72 defects, this was 5.5%. On incisors 339 defects - 25,8% were found. We have investigated the structure of the distribution of defects in incisors, fangs/canines, premo-lars, and molars. Conclusions: 1. It was found out, that the most common among all groups of teeth are defects of molars (38.9%). 2. The most common localization of defects had type 1 on the incisors (23.9%), type 1 in сanines (37.5%), one type of premolars (40.8%) and 1 type of molars (43.25%). 3. Thus, our research allowed us to systematize defect types for all groups of teeth and to estimate the prevalence of various types of defects of hard tissues in the examined patients living in the Precarpathian region.