Psychological and Psychogenetic Characteristics of Aggressive and Hostile Strategies of Interaction with the External World of Teenagers and Young People

Different approaches were considered for the meaning of aggression, the quantity of which shows that this phenomenon is a difficult mechanism and it is ambiguous by nature. The research of interconnection of the conceptions of hostile and aggression have been made. Common and distinctive determinants are shown. The most actual interpretation of the research of these phenomena is described. A brief overview of the research of genetic basis of the aggressive behavior, influence of serotonin and dopamine in the neurotransmitter system and testosterone, the factors of environment and socioeconomic status had been considered. The molecular genetic and psychological study of 205 individuals aged 12–19 years is conducted. As psychological tools were used: a test of Wagner's hands (Hand Test). Evaluation of the general aggression and the forms of its existence, and the hostility, was conducted using scales of the Buss–Durkee Hostility Inventory, considered one of the most reliable methods for the study of the aggression. The statistical processing of the results was performed using the program PSPP 0.8.5. It is revealed that the genotype of VM COMT gene (rs4680) may act as a risk factor of propensity to aggressive behavior. Among the genetic polymorphisms, which determine the risk of aggressive and hostile behavior, a low-level variant gene of the enzyme of monoamine oxidase A MAOA (LPR) plays the greatest role among teenagers and people of young ages. Data should be considered when conducting psychological-preventive measures.