IMMUNOНISTOCHEMISCAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PATHOLOGY OF UTERINE CERVIX AND ENDOMETRIUM OF WOMEN WITH HYPERPLASTIC DISEASES OF REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS

Aim. To study the immunohistochemical characteristic of pathology of the cervix and endometrium in women with hyperplastic diseases of the reproductive organs. Materials and Methods. Using histological and immunohistochemical methods, 22 biopsies of the cervix, 5 polyps of the cervical canal and 10 scrapings of the endometrium from the uterine cavity were studied. Immunohistochemical reaction was conducted according to a standard one-step protocol with a standard scheme with antigen unmasking (high-temperature tissue treatment) in 0.01 M citrate buffer pH 7.6. Results. In the study of biopsy material of stratified squamous epithelium (MPE) in 6 (27.3%) cases where cervical ectopia of the cervix was present, mild and moderate acanthosis of the epithelium was observed without reserve cell hyperplasia. In 5 cases, coilocytes were detected in the surface layer of MPE as single cells or groups of cells. Cervical ectopy of the cervix was detected in 6 (27.3%) biopsy specimens and was characterized by the presence of cervical type glands in the connective tissue stroma of exocervix. In 10 cases, fragments of the cervical canal with the presence of the mucous membrane and stroma were present. Inflammatory changes with subepithelial localization in cervical biopsy specimens were detected in 3 (13.6%) cases. In 1 case, highly differentiated non-keratinizing cervical cancer was detected. Immunohistochemical data indicate a high frequency of positive expression of p16 ink4a in the multilayer cervical epithelium, i.e. in 15 (68.2%) patients with pathological conditions of the cervix. In 7 cases, negative expression of p16 ink4a protein was observed in stratified squamous epithelium. Conclusion. Positive expression of p16 ink4a in stratified squamous epithelium indicates a virus-associated cervical lesion. The positive expression of this protein in endometrial biopsies is a manifestation of the cytopathic effect of the human papilloma virus and its role in the pathogenesis of hyperplastic processes in the endometrium.