Epidemiological Study of Hepatitis B Virus from 2009 to 2019 in Koya City

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious and common infectious disease of the liver, affecting millions of people worldwide. Infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) can lead to cirrhosis and liver cancer. The present study aims to assess the incidence rate of hepatitis B infection in Koya city between 2009 and 2019, among individuals undergoing surgery, marriage, blood transfusion, employed in hospitals or other health care centers, and foreigners. This descriptive-analytical study has been conducted on the individuals with hepatitis B virus visiting health centers in Koya city, demographic characteristics (age, gender and ethnicity) and epidemiologic information of the patients recorded at Koya health centers were analyzed. The total incidence rate reported was 230 cases between 2009 and 2019, in which 160 (69.6%) were males, and 70 (30.4%) were females. The highest number of cases recorded in 2014 in which the incidence rate has increased due to Syrian refugee settlements in Koya city. Surprisingly, the incidence rate show decline from 2014 to 2018. As the study results revealed, the disease incidence rate has shown a decline from 2014. This shows the improvement of education, health and hygiene as well as a good vaccination program. In our region, males are more at risk than females for getting the hepatitis B virus due to males' activity and daily jobs compared with females, which remain mostly at home.