Possibilities of Decolonization Targeting Carriers of Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria (MDR-GNB) in the Gut

Intestinal carriage of extended spectrum β-lactamase Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) and carbap¬enemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) can persist for a long time (Huttner et al., 2019). Multi¬drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and their intestinal carriage is also a big problem, because studies in the last years have shown that the colonization with multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB), especially in immunocompromised patients, increases the risk of infections (Tacconelli et al., 2019). Therefore, the evaluation of decolonization regimens with oral antibi¬otics and faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) used for eradication of MDR-GNB in the gut is of great importance in reducing morbidity and mortality in these patients.