LINGUO-MENTAL SUB-SPHERE OF SADNESS IN NAÏVE LANGUAGE PICTURES OF THE WORLD OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE RUSSIAN, UKRAINIAN, BRITISH AND AMERICAN LINGUO-CULTURES: RESULTS OF PSYCHOLINGUISTIC EXPERIMENT

The article deals with the analysis of the peculiarities of the linguo-cognitive conceptualization of the linguo-mental emotive sub-sphere of SADNESS in the naïve language pictures of the world of the representatives of the Russian, Ukrainian, British and American linguo-cultures. The study of the peculiarities of the linguo-cognitive conceptualization of the linguo-mental sub-sphere under analysis was carried out on the basis of a psycholinguistic experiment which was aimed at revealing common regularities and national differences in the perception and expression of the given emotion among the representative of the Russian, Ukrainian, British and American linguo-cultures. The linguo-mental sub-sphere is understood in this research as a multi-dimensional and multi-level essence which reflects mental and psychic processes of a man's consciousness, his philosophical views and attitudes, conceptual and informational structures depicting his professional knowledge and social experience, evaluations, feelings and emotions, national and cultural traditions and history, individual and collective memory, his personal and national vocabulary, individual, ethno-national and conventional ideas on the scientific and naïve pictures of the world. Sadness as any other emotion can be differentiated by the degree of its intensity and content depending on the meaning of the situation that caused it: from a light depression to the maximal degree of its expression, i.e. grief. The authors arrive at the conclusion that the emotive sub-sphere of SADNESS in the structure of the linguo-mental sphere of MAN in the Russian, Ukrainian, British and American linguo-cultures mainly has a universal character whereas the existing peculiarities of its linguo-cognitive categorization and conceptualization in different naïve language pictures of the world are predetermined by a number of cultural, historical, social and economic factors.