Effect of Cement Alternatives on the Mechanical Properties of Concrete for the Sustainable Development

This study examines the effect of cement replacement with different substituents as fly ash, silica fume, and GGBS. As unfortunately, the cement and concrete industries are significant contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. We are holding the structures very high, but we are also at the very last stage of creating darkness for future generations, and we are not going to stop this because it helps in growing the economy. Climate change is at its peak; the ocean's water level is rising due to an increase in the global average earth temperature, and we at the very end of mass destruction. To reduce this greenhouse emission and the global average earth temperature, we should look for some alternatives in manufacturing concrete, which is one of the contributors. This research focuses on the sustainable and economic development of concrete structures that can reduce the emission of co2. In this research, we will use some alternatives of OPC (ordinary Portland cement) to some extent, like fly ash, silica fumes, and recycled aggregates. To examine the optimum percentage of the replacements to meet the desired mechanical properties for the serviceability of the structures so that it does not affect the one staying thereby maintaining the sustainability of the environment. In this study, we will use Fly ash, silica fume, and GGBS in the increasing percentage of 10% to 30% as the replacements of the cement to obtain the desired mechanical properties of the concrete such as compressive strength and water permeability.