A Novel Approach for Fault Observability and Isolation in Distributed Micro-Grid System Using PMUs

In a Distributed Micro-Grid System (DMGS), the occurrence of line faults is very frequent due to natural threats to the lines and their ageing. In a big Micro-Grid network a fault is occurred at one corner part of the network shows a serious impact on the entire network by causing a severe deviation in its operation there by leading to shut-down of the entire network until or unless the fault was detected and isolated. In this project in order to resolve the above issues we proposed a novel algorithm for DMGS security by replacing IEDs in former algorithm with Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) which determines the occurrence of the faults based on the analysis of voltage and current phasors of Power Distribution Bus (PDB) lines. The method exploits the nodal voltage and mesh current analysis where the phase voltage, impedance and admittance matrices of the network and its dual circuit are developed and utilized for smooth detection and isolation of faults without network malfunction. In addition, this method not only detects and isolates the faults but also informs the same to the technical department for immediate correction. The PMUs are organized as independent region monitoring devices controlled by the control unit of DMGS. The proposed algorithm is implemented and verified in MATLAB