Primary education of Transcarpathia in the context of pedagogical journals of the second half of the XIX and first half of the XX century

The purpose of the study is to carry out a retrospective analysis of pedagogical periodicals published in Transcarpathia in the second half of the XIX-th and the first half of the XX-th century, in order to cover the problems of a primary education. The method of the study - content analysis pedagogical periodicals order to identify retro peculiarities of the organization and content of activity of the Transcarpathian primary school; chronological, retrospective logical and system analysis - as a basis for studying the organization and management of the activity of the elementary school of Transcarpathia in the context of historical and systemic educational transformations; historical-comparative analysis - to identify trends in the regional development of the primary school. Here are the research results and scientific novelty. Here are the research results and scientific novelty. An indicator of the level of development of science and education is the availability of the periodicals that cover current issues of education and schooling. Important information on the educational processes that took place in the Transcarpathian region of the second half of the XIX-th and the first half of the XX-th century can be obtained from periodicals that, in different years and with varying intensity, were printed and covered issues related to primary education. In particular, in the Austro-Hungarian period the magazine "Teacher" (1867) came out; in the Czechoslovak period, the pedagogical journal of the Civil Administration of Subcarpathian Rus "Teacher" (1920-1936) was published. "Teacher's Voice" and "Our School" are the printed organs of the Folk's Teaching Society "Teacher's community". In the Hungarian period it was a publication "Folk School" (1939 - 1944). Pedagogical publications published information on the orders of the governing bodies of education, reviews of textbooks, scientific articles on the methodology of training and education, publications on the history of pedagogy, on foreign pedagogical experience, etc. A characteristic feature of the periodicals of this period is their multilingualism, since the publications were presented in the vast majority of three languages, such as Rusyn (or one of its variants), Czech and Hungarian. This made these editions accessible to a wide range of teachers. Here is the practical significance of the study. Materials for publication, its main provisions and conclusions can be used during the teaching of such disciplines as: "History of Pedagogy", "Pedagogy", "Comparative Pedagogy", and they also can be used to write the scientific historical and pedagogical studies.