Methodological basis of didactics of К. Ushynskyi

The methodological foundations of K. Ushynskyi's didactic teaching basis are substantiated in the article. The focus is on the interdisciplinarity and coherence of scientific disciplines and their role in educational activities. K. Ushynskyi believed that the scientific foundations of pedagogy are formed under the intellectual influence of a wide range of anthropological sciences, the common feature of which is that they are taught, compared and summarized by those facts in which the properties of the subject of education of a person are revealed. The thorough, systematic analysis of two closely related pedagogical problems (objective- logical aspects of the process of cognition, focusing on objective psycho-physiological factors of this process) determines the theoretical basis of K. Ushynskyi's didactics, since teaching is a kind of attempt developing a culture of thinking and cognition for school and student youth. Education for K. Ushynskyi must have a system just because the system is able to keep in memory and logical connection large volume and variety of semantic fields information. It is determined that the following structural components are elements of K. Ushynskyi's didactic system: a) problems of developing the content of education; b) the methodology of curricula and courses in primary and secondary schools; c) general teaching methodology. It is emphasized that K. Ushynskyi developed a deeply progressive, original, comprehensively grounded system of didactics, didactics of primary education, which retained its scientific and cognitive value and methodological importance for critical understanding of the model of the educational process, the essence of which is expressed in the thesis that the school “is not incapable of rejecting life, and life easily rejects the activity of the school, which is becoming an obstacle to it”. It is concluded that the fruitful pedagogical ideas of K. Ushynskyi in the field of didactics, which formulate the methodological bases for determining the content and goals of education of a civilized person, are quite relevant both in theoretical and practical terms.