Determination of Some Heavy Metals in Dialysis Concentrates in Two Centers of Dialysis in Baghdad, Iraq

The patients with renal failure require hemodialysis treatment and dialysis fluid is thus an essential component of such a treatment. Hemodialysis is a method of treating renal failure which makes use of dialysis fluid to aid in re-establishment of electrolyte and acid-base balance. The water utilized for this process is derived from drinking water, although it has undergone an extra purification. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the quality of dialysis fluids in two dialysis centers in Baghdad, over four seasons, from November 2020 to July 2021. A total of 24 water samples were analyzed as a part of the evaluation from three sites at each dialysis facility (tap, dialysis, and dialysis network distribution) of water samples. Chemical investigations were carried out after sampling water from the dialysis centers. The technique of Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy was used to determine the concentration of heavy metals in the water under investigation. The findings revealed that there was a fluctuation in the quality of the observed dialysis water. 25% of water samples for Al level (normal 0.01 mg/L) was above the normal range for dialysis water. The highest value of aluminum was (0.04 mg/l) during the autumn and the lowest value was (zero) during the spring. 62.5% of water samples for chloramine level (normal 0.1 mg/l) were above the normal range for dialysis water. The highest level was (0.505 mg/l) during the autumn. When compared to the international standards, it was found as unacceptable. According to the results of the chemical investigation, the dialysis water quality suffers from the high Chloramine concentrations in all dialysis facilities.