A Review of Explosive Ordnance Risk Education: IRAQ as a Case Study

The Explosive Ordnance Risk Education(EORE) activity is considered one of the most important activities to mine action for humanitarian, which seeks to reduce the risk of injury from explosive ordnance, by raising the awareness of all segments of society according to their various weaknesses, roles, and needs, as well as through promoting behavioral change within the society. The focus of this research is to discuss the criteria and available alternatives for explosive ordnance risk education messages regarding these dangers, in general, in countries that have faced ongoing wars and conflicts, especially Iraq, which is being used, here, as a case study. This is stated byreviewing what was analyzed and covered by various studies and research that have addressed this activity, and showing the scientific importance of these studies, and the possibility of incorporating them with the theories and practices of decision modeling applications. The studies that have dealt with (EORE) activities were reviewed according to the available resources and multiple alternatives, by finding the best ways to preserve the lives of the population in the Hazardous Area (HZA) and educating the communities in the affected countries, especially the target groups of the explosive ordnance risks. Analyzing the importance of compiling studies related to the activities of (EORE) to decision-makers specialized in Mine Action (MA) activities in general and (EORE) activities in particular, under the international supervision of the Geneva International Center for Humanitarian Demining, has been attempted and carried out. However, the use of modeling methods and approaches will, significantly, support the decision-making process to increase awareness among the different categories of affected communities, hence, reaching the highest percentage of the affected population. This, undoubtedly, will lead to (raising the level of awareness, allowing normal activities necessary for social and economic recovery, and benefiting from the efforts of non-governmental organizations in developing policies, and programs for mine risk education.