The Effect of Procold on the Blood: Biochemical Perspective

— There is an erratic intake of analgesics for the reduction and elimination of various categories of body pain without prejudice to expertise prescription. This study is carried out to evaluate the effect of one of the analgesics [Procold] on the biochemical indices of the Wistar rats. A total of 29 adult Wistar rats of both sexes weighing 136.7-265.3g fed with clean water and growers were used for this study. They were allowed to acclimatize for two weeks. LD50 was calculated using the [12] formula for the administration of samples, thus LD50 was 44.1mg/kg. In the main experiment, twenty (20) Wistar rats were divided into five (5) groups, marked group [I-V] and each group contains four (n=4) Wistar rats. The conversion was made of the Procold composition per the body weight of the human and consequently converted to animal [rat] dose using the conversion protocols of [13]. The solid Procold tablet [mg] was converted into [ml] and was dissolved in distilled water into a liquid solution, concerning the LD50 value and different concentrations of the various groups [44-14mg/kg] were calculated against the body weight of the Wistar rat for administration. Treatments were done thrice [3 times] daily, following the prescriptions of the drug. The treatment lasted for four [4] weeks. Group 1: Normal control group, received normal feed and water only as a placebo, Group 2: 44 ml/kg, Group 3: 34ml/kg, Group 4: 24ml/kg, and Group 5: 14mg/kg. The Wistar rats were weighed weekly and one rat was sacrificed through cervical dislocation from each group and blood was collected for biochemical analysis. The biomarkers include Aspartate Aminotransferase [AST], Alanine Transaminase [ALT], Alkaline Phosphatase [ALP], Total Bilirubin, Albumin, Creatinine, Urea, Total Protein, Total Cholesterol, and Lactate Dehydrogenase. Data collected from this research were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. Descriptive statistics were done, and ANOVA was used to compare the mean value for statistical significance difference [p<0.05]. The results showed a significantly increased level in Aspartate Aminotransferase [AST] level in the treatment group (I) which is the highest dose (44mg/kg) and treatment group (III) (24mg/kg) which entails damage to the liver and other AST-producing tissues (p<0.05). No significant increase or decrease of Alanine Transaminase [ALT] in the various treatment groups, except for treatment group (I) which showed a significantly elevated level of ALT as against the control and Alkaline Phosphatase [ALP] in the treatment group (2). Total Bilirubin, Albumin, Creatinine, and Urea are seen to be stable in all treatment groups in comparison to the control group. There is an elevated level of the total protein in all treatment groups but, significantly recorded in the highest dose [treatment group 1] when compared with the control group. In this study, there is a significant reduction in the Total Cholesterol of all treatment groups (1-4) which could lead to hemorrhagic stroke. The level of Lactate Dehydrogenase in all treatment groups is insignificant in contrast with the control. In summary, the consumption of Procold drug poses no significant reno-toxic effect on the kidneys, and heart functions. Concurrently, the drug exacerbates hepatic dysfunction in the liver mass due to the induced elevation of AST. The constant intake of this drug could lead to cancer, and hemorrhagic stroke due to low levels of cholesterol. We, therefore, advise patients to strictly follow the prescript of the medical experts and avoid random intake of this drug