3D MODELING AND RENDERING FOR VIRTUAL AND AUGMENTED REALITY APPLICATIONS

Immersive VR/AR uses 3D modelling and rendering. This abstract compares VR/AR 3D modelling and rendering methods. We compare industry strategies, methods, and technologies. Polygonal 3D models are used in numerous VR/AR applications. These methods use vertices, edges, and faces to define geometric shapes for model flexibility and control. Polygonal models may misrepresent complex or organic objects and are computationally demanding. Parametric and procedural modelling have become popular to solve these constraints. Parametric modelling may quickly iterate and modify 3D models using mathematical parameters and limitations. Procedural modelling creates complex and varied objects algorithmically. Real-time rendering is essential for VR/AR interaction frame rates. Rasterization, a common technique, converts 3D models into 2D visuals by showing them on a screen. For interactive VR/AR experiences, our rendering technology is fast and responsive. Ray tracing requires more computer power but produces more precise lighting and reflection effects. Graphics technology and software developments have made physically-based rendering (PBR) more prevalent. PBR replicates how light interacts with materials to create realistic and appealing images. By considering surface reflectivity, roughness, and environmental lighting, PBR techniques increase VR/AR visual quality.AI and machine learning have improved 3D modelling and rendering. GANs have created 3D models from sparse input data. These models speed up prototyping and content production, improving modelling efficiency and creativity. Hardware resources, realism, performance, and object complexity determine VR/AR 3D modelling and rendering methodologies. Several methods can balance interaction with visual fidelity.