Impact of Ethanol Extract of Basil Leaves (Ocimum basilicum L.) on Mast Cell Reduction and Prostaglandin E2 Levels in Female Mice as a Model for Endometriosis Development

Endometriosis, a painful inflammatory condition, arises from the growth of endometrial tissue beyond the uterus. The anti-inflammatory properties of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) suggest its potential as a treatment for endometriosis. This study aimed to examine how basil ethanol extract affects mast cells and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels in endometriosis. To conduct the study, 28 female mice were divided into four groups. One group served as the untreated control, while the remaining three groups were treated with varying doses of ethanol extract from basil leaves for 14 days. On the 15th day, both endometriosis lesions and serum were collected and subjected to analysis. The group treated with basil ethanol extract exhibited a significant reduction in mast cell count when compared to the control group. However, there was no notable difference in PGE2 levels between the intervention and control groups. Therefore, the administration of ethanol extract of basil leaves has the potential to reduce mast cell numbers, but it does not significantly affect PGE2 levels. This study suggests that basil may have potential as an alternative treatment for endometriosis, but further research is needed to investigate its full potential.