OBSERVATION OF METEORS IN THE RADIO RANGE USING THE DIRECT SCATTERING METHOD ON METEOR TRACKS OF POWERFUL FM RADIO STATIONS

Introduction. The first experiments on systematic observations of meteors were conducted using photographic techniques. These were the Harvard program in Massachusetts and New Mexico, the first fireball networks in Europe, the United States and Canada. Modern observation networks are built on the basis of television technologies. The field of vision of these systems is 30-90o. The largest centers of meteor astronomy in the former USSR were concentrated in Dushanbe (Institute of Astrophysics of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan) and Odessa (Odessa Mechnikov National University). Purpose. To consider the cooperation of scientific institutions and establishments of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine in the observation of meteor phenomena (tools, Monitoring potential, processing methods). These include the Mykolaiv Astronomical Observatory Research Institute (MAO Research Institute), the Oleksandr Dovzhenko Hlukhiv National Pedagogical University, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, and the Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. They have the hardware and software to perform basic and unilateral observations of meteors in different wavelength ranges. Methods. Empirical, theoretical and general scientific methods are used in the study of meteor phenomena. Results. Since 2010, the MAO Research Institute has been conducting systematic observations of meteors in the radio range using the method of direct scattering on meteor tracks signals of powerful FM radio stations which are far beyond the horizon. The Relevant apropriate meteor hardware and software complex was developed at the MAO Research Institute. It is based on the continuous recording of radio signals and the automatic detection of signals reflected by meteor tracks. The National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine and the Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine are conducting theoretical research on some issues of physics of plasma trace formation when a meteoroid body enters the Earth atmosphere. It was shown that a special selection of values of dynamic characteristics of the meteoroid in luminous traces during night observations, and in inversion traces during day observations, allows to assess a number of important characteristics of the meteoroid and the Earth atmosphere - in which this phenomenon is being observed. Originality.,Every month the results of current observations are sent in the prescribed format to the website of the Radio Meteor Observing Bulletin international project. The realization of the idea of monitoring space invasions has great pedagogical potential, as it provides an opportunity to teach, observe with the help of modern technologies, educate students ranging from primary school to lyceum, and University. In our opinion, thisis especially important for schoolchildren, who are actively involved in educational and scientific work, communicate with scientists, specialists in certain fields of knowledge, who pass their experience to the younger generation «from hand to hand», convey the importance of «space invasion» for future of our civilization. This, in turn, promotes the socialization of young scientists, instills their sense of responsibility for the future of the Earth. Conclusion. The modern possibilities of scientific institutions of Ukraine for research in the field of meteor astronomy described in the work allow to carry out fundamental and applied scientific and technical research of meteor phenomena at the high level, to obtain high-precision observations of meteors in different wavelength ranges.