Approaches Employed in Primary Grade Levels in Teaching Reading and Comprehension and its Challenges: A Literature Review

The basis for academic success and lifelong learning is strong reading and comprehension abilities. The purpose of this research is to identify the most commonly used approaches in teaching reading and comprehension in primary grade level based on the existing academic literature. Since teachers are aware of the importance of early literacy development, they employ a variety of teaching techniques to meet the requirements and learning preferences of students. The study also intends to look on the Department of Education's initiatives and programs with regards to its goal that every child is a reader at his or her grade level. Finally, the research aims to look into the challenges encountered during the implementation of the approaches in teaching reading and comprehension in the primary grade level.