BASIC APPROACHES TO USING THE METHODS OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT

The article considers the main approaches to the use of quality management methods. The purpose of the article is the distribution of modern quality management methods by stages of the cycle of continuous quality improvement in the organization based on the definition of their essential characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. We used the methods of logical generalization (to establish the essential characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of quality management methods) and comparison (to divide modern quality management methods according to the stages of the PDCA cycle) in the research process. We established that the considered quality management methods are applied at various stages of the quality management cycle in an organization operating according to the principles of TQM. The use of “Kaizen” and “Six Sigma” methodology is systematic and continuous. Implementation of improvements is carried out on an ongoing basis based on established standards, conducted research and data measurements. Despite the fact that each of the mentioned methodologies operates with its own set of tools, both assume the implementation of improvements without significant capital investments, in one case — due to a series of small daily changes, in the other — due to increasing the stability of processes. Also common to the considered methods is the use of continuous quality improvement at all stages of the cycle. The Kano model, the QFD methodology, the FMEA analysis method, and Taguti's methods “gravitate” more toward the planning stage of the continuous quality improvement cycle. In the design process, product characteristics are established in accordance with customer requirements (QFD), the relationship between them and the level of customer satisfaction is revealed (Kano model), possible defects of further operation and consumer errors are prevented (FMEA analysis method), product design is improved for rationalization of the ratio “cost / quality” (Taghuti methods).