Морфологічна варіантність у романі Ліни Костенко «Берестечко»

The article analyzes morphological variants in the text of Lina Kostenko's novel «Berestechko». It addresses one of the key features of modern Ukrainian literary language which is excessive paradigm of words belonging to different parts of speech. Variance of morphological language subsystems is stipulated by the dynamics of the language norm: disappearance of some word forms and emergence of others has been a characteristic feature of the Ukrainian literary language at all the stages of its development. The correspondence of the grammatical forms of the word to the norm of the Ukrainian literary language of the period the work the work was written in and the current norm is determined, the morphological variants are characterized from the viewpoint of their stylistic expressiveness and feasibility of use in the poetic text. The article provides a detailed description of the morphological variants of words belonging to different parts of speech. Nouns account for the biggest number of variant forms: dative case forms of masculine nouns of the second conjugation with endings -ові(-еві)/-у; genitive case forms of feminine nouns of the third conjugation with endings -і/-и;variant plural forms of the nominative case; variant forms of gender. Attention is paid to morphological variants of other nominative parts of speech: short forms, full noncontracted, variant case forms of adjectives and pronouns. Verbal variants are analyzed: the forms of the third person singular and first person plural, infinitives with suffixes -ти/- ть.The research reveals that most frequently morphological variants are used to maintain rhythmomelodics in a poetic text. In addition, they stylize the speech of the main lyrical character to vernacular and folk poetic language, make the utterance poetic or ironic, etc. The poetic form of a literary work requires observance of the verse size, rhyme and rhythm, and therefore minor deviations from the norm of literary language are not perceived as a mistake, but as «poetic freedom». This refers to the use of those word forms that the literary norm considers to be rare and colloquial, which normative dictionaries and spelling guides present as options that are acceptable for usage after the recommended ones and those used more frequently. It is proved that a characteristic feature of Lina Kostenko's author's individual style is the use of variant grammatical forms of different parts of speech, which are normative, although they differ in stylistic nuances and frequency of use, as well as morphological variations of words that go beyond the norm of the literary language (obsolete, dialectal word forms or author's neologisms).